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|
Version 0.9.0
* New "Diagnostics and Debugging" section in the manual on debugging build
issues.
* Support for dependency chains.
Now instead of:
./: exe{foo}
exe{foo}: cxx{*}
We can write:
./: exe{foo}: cxx{*}
Or even:
./: exe{foo}: libue{foo}: cxx{*}
This can be combined with prerequisite-specific variables (which naturally
only apply to the last set of prerequisites in the chain):
./: exe{foo}: libue{foo}: bin.whole = false
* Support for target and prerequisite specific variable blocks.
For example, now instead of:
lib{foo}: cxx.loptions += -static
lib{foo}: cxx.libs += -lpthread
We can write:
lib{foo}:
{
cxx.loptions += -static
cxx.libs += -lpthread
}
The same works for prerequisites as well as target type/patterns. For
example:
exe{*.test}:
{
test = true
install = false
}
* Fallback to loading outer buildfile if there isn't one in the target's
directory (src_base).
This covers the case where the target is defined in the outer buildfile
which is common with non-intrusive project conversions where everything is
built from a single root buildfile.
* Command line variable override scope syntax is now consistent with
buildfile syntax.
Before:
$ b dir/:foo=bar ...
After:
$ b dir/foo=bar
Alternatively (the buildfile syntax):
$ b 'dir/ foo=bar'
Note that the (rarely used) scope visibility modifier now leads to a double
slash:
$ b dir//foo=bar
* Support for relative to base scope command line variable overrides.
Currently, if we do:
$ b dir/ ./foo=bar
The scope the foo=bar is set on is relative to CWD, not dir/. While this
may seem wrong at first, this is the least surprising behavior when we take
into account that there can be multiple dir/'s.
Sometimes, however, we do want the override directory to be treated
relative to (every) target's base scope that we are building. To support
this we are extending the '.' and '..' special directory names (which are
still resolved relative to CWD) with '...', which means "relative to the
base scope of every target in the buildspec". For example:
$ b dir/ .../foo=bar
Is equivalent to:
$ b dir/ dir/foo=bar
And:
$ b liba/ libb/ .../tests/foo=bar
Is equivalent to:
$ b liba/ libb/ liba/tests/foo=bar libb/tests/foo=bar
* New config.{c,cxx}.{id,version,target} configuration variables.
These variables allow overriding guessed compiler id/version/target, for
example, in case of mis-guesses or when working with compilers that don't
report their base (e.g., GCC, Clang) with -v/--version (common in the
embedded space).
* New --[no-]mtime-check options to control backwards modification time
checks at runtime.
By default the checks are enabled only for the staged toolchain.
* New --dump <phase> option, remove state dumping from verbosity level 6.
* The info meta-operation new prints the list of operations and meta-
operations supported by the project.
* New sleep Testscript builtin.
Version 0.8.0
* BREAKING: rename the .test extension (Testscript file) to .testscript and
the test{} target type to testscript{}.
* Introduction chapter in the build system manual.
The introduction covers every aspect of the build infrastructure, including
the underlying concepts, for the canonical executable and library projects
as produced by bdep-new(1).
* New 'in' build system module.
Given test.in containing something along these lines:
foo = $foo$
Now we can do:
using in
file{test}: in{test.in}
file{test}: foo = FOO
The alternative variable substitution symbol can be specified with the
in.symbol variable and lax (instead of the default strict) mode with
in.substitution. For example:
file{test}: in.symbol = '@'
file{test}: in.substitution = lax
* New 'bash' build system module that provides modularization support for bash
scripts. See the build system manual for all the details.
* Support for 'binless' (binary-less aka header-only) libraries.
A header-only library (or, in the future, a module interface-only library)
is not a different kind of library compared to static/shared libraries but
is rather a binary-less, or binless for short, static or shared library.
Whether a library is binless is determined dynamically and automatically
based on the absence of source file prerequisites. See the build system
manual for details.
* Use thin archives for utility libraries if available.
Thin archives are supported by GNU ar since binutils 2.19.1 and LLVM ar
since LLVM 3.8.0.
* Support for archive checksum generation during distribution:
Now we can do:
$ b dist: ... \
config.dist.archives='tar.gz zip' \
config.dist.checksums='sha1 sha256'
And end up with .tar.gz.sha1, .tar.gz.sha256, .zip.sha1, and .zip.sha256
checksum files in addition to archives.
* Support for excluded and ad hoc prerequisites:
The inclusion/exclusion is controlled via the 'include' prerequisite-
specific variable. Valid values are:
false - exclude
true - include
adhoc - include but treat as an ad hoc input
For example:
lib{foo}: cxx{win32-utility}: include = ($cxx.targe.class == 'windows')
exe{bar}: libs{plugin}: include = adhoc
* C++ Modules support:
- handle the leading 'module;' marker (p0713)
- switch to new GCC module interface (-fmodule-mapper)
- force reprocessing for module interface units if compiling with MSVC
* Testscript:
- new mv builtin
- new --after <ref-file> option in touch builtin
* New $process.run() and $process.run_regex() functions:
$process.run(<prog>[ <args>...])
Return trimmed stdout.
$process.run_regex(<prog>[ <args>...], <pat> [, <fmt>])
Return stdout lines matched and optionally processed with regex.
Each line of stdout (including the customary trailing blank) is matched (as
a whole) against <pat> and, if successful, returned, optionally processed
with <fmt>, as an element of a list.
* Support for name patterns without wildcard characters.
In particular, this allows the "if-exists" specification of prerequisites,
for example:
for t: $tests
exe{$t}: cxx{$t} test{+$t}
* Functions for decomposing name as target/prerequisite name:
$name.name()
$name.extension()
$name.directory()
$name.target_type()
$name.project()
* Add support for default extension specification, trailing dot escaping.
For example:
cxx{*}: extension = cxx
cxx{foo} # foo.cxx
cxx{foo.test} # foo.test (probably what we want...)
cxx{foo.test...} # foo.test.cxx (... is this)
cxx{foo..} # foo.
cxx{foo....} # foo..
cxx{foo.....} # error (must come in escape pairs)
* Use (native) C and C++ compilers we were built with as defaults for
config.c and config.cxx, respectively.
* Implement missing pieces in utility libraries support. In particular, we
can now build static libraries out of utility libraries.
* Built-in support for Windows module definition files (.def/def{}).
* Project names are now sanitized when forming the config.import.<proj>
variables. Specifically, '-', '+', and '.' are replaced with '_' to form a
"canonical" variable name.
Version 0.7.0
* Initial support for Clang targeting MSVC runtime (native Clang interface,
not the clang-cl wrapper).
* C++ Modules TS introduction, build system support, and design guidelines
documentation.
* New {c,cxx}.guess modules.
These can be loaded before {c,cxx} to guess the compiler. Based on this
information we can then choose the standard, experimental features, etc.
For example:
using cxx.guess
if ($cxx.id == 'clang')
cxx.features.modules = false
cxx.std = experimental
using cxx
* New {c,cxx}.class variables.
Compiler class describes a set of compilers that follow more or less
the same command line interface. Compilers that don't belong to any of
the existing classes are in classes of their own (say, Sun CC would be
on its own if we were to support it).
Currently defined compiler classes:
gcc gcc, clang, clang-apple, icc (on non-Windows)
msvc msvc, clang-cl, icc (Windows)
* Support for C/C++ runtime/stdlib detection ({c,cxx}.{runtime,stdlib}
variables; see cc/guess.hxx for possible values).
* New __build2_preprocess macro.
If cc.reprocess is true, the __build2_preprocess is defined during
dependency extraction. This can be used to work around separate
preprocessing bugs in the compiler.
* Support for for-loop. The semantics is similar to the C++11 range-based
for:
list = 1 2 3
for i: $list
print $i
Note that there is no scoping of any kind for the loop variable ('i' in the
above example). In the future the plan is to also support more general
while-loop as well as break and continue.
* New info meta operation.
This meta operation can be used to print basic information (name, version,
source/output roots, etc) for one or more projects.
* New update-for-{test,install} operation aliases.
* Support for forwarded configurations with target backlinking. See the
configure meta-operation discussion in b(1) for details.
* Improvements to the in module (in.symbol, in.substitution={strict|lax}).
* New $directory(), $base(), $leaf() and $extension() path functions.
* New $regex.split(), $regex.merge() and $regex.apply() functions.
* Support for (parallel) bootstrapping using GNU make makefile.
* Support for chroot'ed install (aka DESTDIR):
b config.install.root=/usr config.install.chroot=/tmp/install
* Support for prerequisite-specific variables, used for the bin.whole
variable ("link whole archive").
* Regularize directory target/scope-specific variable assignment syntax:
$out_root/: foo = bar # target
$out_root/ foo = bar # scope
$out_root/
{
foo = bar # scope
}
* Support for structured result output (--structured-result).
* Support for build hooks.
The following buildfiles are loaded (if present) at appropriate times from
the out_root subdirectories of a project:
build/bootstrap/pre-*.build # before loading bootstrap.build
build/bootstrap/post-*.build # after loading bootstrap.build
build/root/pre-*.build # before loading root.build
build/root/post-*.build # after loading root.build
* New run directive.
Now it is possible to:
run echo 'foo = bar'
print $foo
* New dump directive.
It can be used to print (to stderr) a human-readable representation of the
current scope or a list of targets. For example:
dump # Dump current scope.
dump lib{foo} details/exe{bar} # Dump two targets.
This is primarily useful for debugging as well as to write build system
tests.
Version 0.6.0
* C++ Modules TS support for GCC, Clang, and VC.
The new 'experimental' value of the cxx.std variable enables modules
support if provided by the C++ compiler. The cxx.features.modules boolean
variable can be used to control/query C++ modules enablement.
See the "C++ Module Support" section in the build system manual for all
the details.
* Precise change detection for C and C++ sources.
The build system now calculates a checksum of the preprocessed token
stream and avoids recompilation if the changes are ignorable (whitespaces,
comments, unused macros, etc). To minimize confusion ("I've changed my
code but nothing got updated"), the build system prints a 'skip' line for
ignored changes.
* Initial support for utility libraries.
A utility library is an archive that "mimics" the object file type
(executable, static library, or shared library) of its "primary" target.
Unless explicitly overridden, utility libraries are linked in the "whole
archive" mode. For example:
exe{prog}: cxx{prog} libu{prog}
libu{prog}: cxx{* -prog}
# Unit tests.
#
tests/
{
libu{*}: bin.whole = false # Don't link whole.
exe{test1}: cxx{test1} ../libu{prog}
exe{test2}: cxx{test2} ../libu{prog}
}
This change adds the new target group libu{} and its libue{}, libua{}, and
libus{} members. Note that the bin.whole variable can also be used on
normal static libraries.
* Progress display.
The build system will now display build progress for low verbosity levels
and if printing to a terminal. It can also be explicitly requested with
the -p|--progress option and suppressed with --no-progress.
Note that it is safe to enable progress even when redirecting to a file,
for example:
b -p 2>&1 | tee build.log
* Support for generating pkg-config's .pc files on install.
These files are now generated by default and automatically for libraries
being installed provided the version, project.summary, and project.url
variables are defined. The version module has been improved to extract the
summary and url in addition to the version from the manifest.
* Support for the '20' cxx.std value (C++20/c++2a).
* The fail, warn, info, and text directives in addition to print. For
example:
if ($cxx.id.type == 'msvc')
fail 'msvc is not supported'
* New build system functions:
- $getenv() -- query environment variable value
- $filesystem.path_{search,match}() -- wildcard pattern search/match
- $regex.{match,search,replace}() -- regex match/search/replace
* New Testscript builtins:
- ln
- exit (pseudo-builtin)
* Separate C and C++ (partial) preprocessing and compilation for Clang, GCC,
and VC.
This is part of the infrastructure that is relied upon by the C++ modules
support, precise change detection support, and, in the future, by
distributed compilation.
There is also the ability to limit the amount of preprocessing done on a
source file by setting the {c,cxx}.preprocessed variables. Valid values
are 'none' (not preprocessed), 'includes' (no #include directives in the
source), 'modules' (as above plus no module declarations depend on the
preprocessor, for example, #ifdef, etc.), and 'all' (the source is fully
preprocessed). Note that for 'all' the source may still contain comments
and line continuations.
While normally unnecessary, the use of the (partially) preprocessed output
in compilation can be disabled. This can be done from a buildfile for a
scope (including project root scope) and per target via the cc.reprocess
variable:
cc.reprocess = true
obj{hello}: cc.reprocess = false
As well as externally via the config.cc.reprocess variable:
b config.cc.reprocess=true
Version 0.5.0
* Parallel build system execution, including header dependency extraction
and compilation.
* Support for Testscript, a shell-like language for portable and parallel
execution of tests. See the Testscript manual for details.
* Support for name generation with wildcard patterns. For example:
exe{hello}: cxx{*}
Or:
./: {*/ -build/}
See the build system manual for details.
* New module, version, automates project version management. See the build
system manual for details.
* Support for VC15, C++ standard selection in VC14U3 and up.
* New meta-operation, create, allows the creation and configuration of an
amalgamation project. See b(1) for details.
* Alternative, shell-friendly command line buildspec and variable assignment
syntax. For example:
b test: foo/ bar/
b config.import.libhello = ../libhello/
See b(1) for details.
* Automatic loading of directory buildfiles, implied directory buildfiles.
Now instead of explicitly writing:
d = foo/ bar/
./: $d doc{README}
include $d
We can just write:
./: foo/ bar/ doc{README}
And if our buildfile simply builds all the subdirectories:
./: */
Then it can be omitted altogether.
* Support of the PATH-based search as a fallback import mechanism for exe{}
targets.
* Support for the 'latest' value in the cxx.std variable which can be used
to request the latest C++ standard available in the compiler.
* Ternary and logical operators support in eval contexts.
* Initial support for build system functions. See build2/function*.?xx for
early details.
* Assert directive. The grammar is as follows:
assert <expression> [<description>]
assert! <expression> [<description>]
The expression must evaluate to 'true' or 'false', just like in if-else.
Version 0.4.0
* Support for Windows.
The toolchain can now be built and used on Windows with either MSVC or
MinGW GCC.
With VC, the toolchain can be built with version 14 Update 2 or later and
used with any version from 7.1. /MD and, for C++, /EHsc are default but
are overridden if an explicit value is specified in the coptions variable.
* Support for C compilation.
There is now the 'c' module in addition to 'cxx' as well as 'cc', which
stands for C-common. Mixed source (C and C++) building is also supported.
* Integration with pkg-config.
Note that build2 doesn't use pkg-config to actually locate the libraries
(because this functionality of pkg-config is broken when it comes to
cross-compilation). Rather, it searches for the library (in the
directories extracted from the compiler) itself and then looks for the
corresponding .pc file (normally in the pkgconfig/ subdirectory of where
it found the library). It then calls pkg-config to extract any additional
options that might be needed to use the library from this specific .pc
file.
* Initial support for library versioning.
Currently, only platform-independent versions are supported. They get
appended to the library name/soname. For example:
lib{foo}: bin.lib.version = @-1.2
This will produce libfoo-1.2.so, libfoo-1.2.dll, etc.
In the future the plan is to support platform-specific versions, for
example:
lib{foo}: bin.lib.version = linux@1.2.3 freebsd@1.2 windows@1.2
* Library dependency export support.
In build2 a library dependency on another library is either an "interface"
or "implementation". If it is an interface, then everyone who links this
library should also be linking the interface dependency. A good example of
an interface dependency is a library API that is called in an inline
function.
Interface dependencies of a library should be explicitly listed in the
*.export.libs variable (where we can now list target names). The typical
usage will be along these lines:
import int_libs = libformat%lib{format}
import int_libs += ...
import imp_libs = libprint%lib{print}
import imp_libs += ...
lib{hello}: ... $imp_libs $int_libs
lib{hello}: cxx.export.libs = $int_libs
There is support for symbol exporting on Windows and build2 now also does
all the right things when linking static vs shared libraries with regards
to which library dependencies to link, which -rpath/-rpath-link options to
pass, etc.
* Support for the uninstall operation in addition to install.
* Support for preserving subdirectories when installing.
This is useful, for example, when installing headers:
install.include = $install.include/foo/
install.include.subdirs = true
The base for calculating the subdirectories is the scope where the subdirs
value is set.
* Support for installing as a different file name.
Now the install variable is a path, not dir_path. If it is a directory
(ends with a trailing slash), then the target is installed into this
directory with the same name. Otherwise, the entire path is used as the
installation destination.
* Support for config.bin.{,lib,exe}.{prefix,suffix}.
This replaces the bin.libprefix functionality.
* Support for global config.install.{cmd,options,sudo,mode,dir_mode}.
This way we can do:
b install \
config.install.data_root=/opt/data \
config.install.exec_root=/opt/exec \
config.install.sudo=sudo
* The new -V option is an alias for --verbose 3 (show all commands).
* Support for specifying directories in config.dist.archives.
For example, this command will create /tmp/foo-X.Y.Z.tar.xz:
b foo/ config.dist.archives=/tmp/tar.xz
* The cxx (and c) module is now project root-only.
This means these modules can only be loaded in the project root scope
(normally root.build). Also, the c.std and cxx.std values must now be set
before loading the module to take effect.
* The test, dist, install, and extension variables now have target
visibility to prevent accidental "reuse" for other purposes.
* An empty config.import.* value is now treated as an instruction to skip
subproject search. Also, explicit config.import.* values now take
precedence over the subproject search.
* Search for subprojects is no longer recursive. In the future the plan is
to allow specifying wildcard paths (* and **) in the subprojects variable.
* Support out-qualified target syntax for setting target-specific variables
on targets from src_base. For example:
doc{INSTALL}@./: install = false
* Only "effective escaping" (['"\$(]) is now performed for values on the
command line. This makes for a more usable interface on Windows provided
we use "sane" paths (no spaces, no (), etc).
* The default variable override scope has been changed from "projects and
subprojects" to "amalgamation".
The "projects and subprojects" semantics resulted in counter-intuitive
behavior. For example, in a project with tests/ as a subproject if one
builds one of the tests directly with a non-global override (say C++
compiler), then the main project would be built without the overrides. In
this light, overriding in the whole amalgamation seems like the right
thing to do. The old behavior can still be obtained with explicit scope
qualification, for example:
b ./:foo=bar
* The config.build format has been made more readable. Specifically, the
order is now from the higher-level modules (e.g., c, cxx) to the
lower-level (e.g., binutils) with imports coming first. The file now also
includes an explicit version for incompatibility detected/migration in
the future.
* Support for <, >, <=, >= in the eval context.
Now we can write:
if ($build.version >= 40000)
* Support for single line if-blocks.
Now we can write:
if true
print true
else
print false
Instead of having to do:
if true
{
print true
}
else
{
print false
}
* Support for prepend/append in target type/pattern-specific variables.
Semantically, these are similar to variable overrides and are essentially
treated as "templates" that are applied on lookup to the "stem" value that
is specific to the target type/name. For example:
x = [string] a
file{f*}: x =+ b
sub/:
{
file{*}: x += c
print $(file{foo}:x) # abc
print $(file{bar}:x) # ac
}
* The obj*{} target type to exe/lib mapping has been redesigned.
Specifically:
- objso{} and libso{} target types have been renamed to objs{} and libs{}
- obje{} has been added (so now we have obje{}, obja{}, and objs{})
- obje{} is now used for building exe{}
- object file extensions now use "hierarchical extensions" that reflect
the extension of the corresponding exe/lib target (instead of the -so
suffix we used), specifically:
obje{}: foo.o, (UNIX), foo.exe.o (MinGW), foo.exe.obj (MSVC)
obja{}: foo.a.o (UNIX, MinGW), foo.lib.obj (MSVC)
objs{}: foo.so.o (UNIX), foo.dylib.o (Darwin), foo.dll.o (MinGW),
foo.dll.obj (MSVC)
We now also have libi{} which is the Windows DLL import library. When
used, it is the first ad hoc group member of libs{}.
Version 0.3.0
* Support for High Fidelity Builds (HFB).
The C++ compile and link rules now detect when the compiler, options, or
input file set have changed and trigger the update of the target. Some
examples of the events that would now trigger an automatic update are:
* compiler change (e.g., g++ to clang++), upgrade, or reconfiguration
* change of compile/link options (e.g., -O2 to -O3)
* replacement of a source file (e.g., foo.cpp with foo.cxx)
* removal of a file from a library/executable
* New command line variable override semantics. A command line variable can
be an override (=), prefix (=+), or suffix (+=), for example:
b config.cxx=clang++ config.cxx.coptions+=-g config.cxx.poptions=+-I/tmp
Prefixes/suffixes are applied at the outsets of values set in buildfiles,
provided these values were set (in those buildfiles) using =+/+= and not
an expansion, for example:
b x=+P x+=S
x = y
print $x # P y S
x =+ p
x += s
print $x # P p y s S
But:
x = A $x B
print $x # A P p y s S B
By default an override applies to all the projects mentioned in the
buildspec as well as to their subprojects. We can restrict an override to
not apply to subprojects by prefixing it with '%', for example:
b %config.cxx=clang++ configure
An override can also be made global (i.e., it applies to all projects,
including the imported ones) by prefixing it with '!'. As an example,
compare these two command lines:
b config.cxx.coptions+=-g
b '!config.cxx.coptions+=-g'
In the first case only the current project and its subprojects will be
recompiled with the debug information. In the second case, everything that
the current project requires (e.g., imported libraries) will be rebuilt
with the debug information.
Finally, we can also specify the scope from which an override should
apply. For example, we may only want to rebuild tests with the debug
information:
b tests/:config.cxx.coptions+=-g
* Attribute support. Attributes are key or key=value pairs enclosed in []
and separated with spaces. They come before the entity they apply to.
Currently we recognize attributes for variables and values. For variables
we recognize the following keys as types:
bool
uint64
string
path
dir_path
abs_dir_path
name
strings
paths
dir_paths
names
For example:
[uint64] x = 01
print $x # 1
x += 1
print $x # 2
Note that variable types are global, which means you could type a variable
that is used by another project for something completely different. As a
result, typing of values (see below) is recommended over variables. If you
do type a variable, make sure it has a namespace (typing of unqualified
variables may become illegal).
For values we recognize the same set of types plus 'null'. The value type
is preserved in prepend/append (=+/+=) but not in assignment. For example:
x = [uint64] 01
print $x # 1
x += 1
print $x # 2
x = [string] 01
print $x # 01
x += 1
print $x # 011
x = [null]
print $x # [null]
Value attributes can also be used in the evaluation contexts, for example:
if ($x == [null])
if ([uint64] $x == [uint64] 0)
* Support for scope/target-qualified variable expansion. For example:
print $(dir/:x)
print $(file{target}:x)
print $(dir/file{target}:x)
* Command line options, variables, and buildspec can now be specified in any
order. This is especially useful if you want to re-run the previous
command with -v or add a forgotten config variable:
b test -v
b configure config.cxx=clang++
* Support for the Intel C++ compiler on Linux.
* Implement C++ compiler detection. Currently recognized compilers and their
ids (in the <type>[-<variant>] form):
gcc GCC
clang Vanilla Clang
clang-apple Apple Clang (and the g++ "alias")
icc Intel icpc
msvc Microsoft cl.exe
The compiler id, version, and other information is available via the
following build system variables:
cxx.id
cxx.id.{type,variant}
cxx.version
cxx.version.{major,minor,patch,build}
cxx.signature
cxx.checksum
cxx.target
cxx.target.{cpu,vendor,system,version,class}
* Implement ar/ranlib detection. The following information is available
via the build system variables:
bin.ar.signature
bin.ar.checksum
bin.ranlib.signature
bin.ranlib.checksum
* On update for install the C++ link rule no longer uses the -rpath
mechanism for finding prerequisite libraries.
* Set build.host, build.host.{cpu,vendor,system,version,class} build system
variables to the host triplet. By default it is set to the compiler target
build2 was built with but a more precise value can be obtained with the
--config-guess option.
* Set build.version, build.version.{major,minor,patch,release,string} build
system variables to the build2 version.
* Extracted header dependencies (-M*) are now cached in the auxiliary
dependency (.d) files rather than being re-extracted on every run. This
speeds up the up-to-date check significantly.
* Revert back to only cleaning prerequisites if they are in the same project.
Cleaning everything as long as it is in the same strong amalgamation had
some undesirable side effects. For example, in bpkg, upgrading a package
(which requires clean/reconfigure) led to all its prerequisites being
cleaned as well and then rebuilt. That was surprising, to say the least.
* Allow escaping in double-quoted strings.
* Implement --buildfile option that can be used to specify the alternative
file to read build information from. If '-' is specified, read from STDIN.
* New scoping semantics. The src tree paths are no longer entered into the
scope map. Instead, targets from the src tree now include their out tree
directories (which are, in essence, their "configuration", with regards to
variable lookup). The only user-visible result of this change is the extra
'@<out-dir>/' suffix that is added when a target is printed, for example,
as part of the compilation command lines.
Version 0.2.0
* First public release.
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